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T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol Mappings

Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an un-encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.

Adversaries may opt to obfuscate this data, without the use of encryption, within network protocols that are natively unencrypted (such as HTTP, FTP, or DNS). This may include custom or publicly available encoding/compression algorithms (such as base64) as well as embedding data within protocol headers and fields.

View in MITRE ATT&CK®

Mappings

Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
AC-3 Access Enforcement Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
CA-7 Continuous Monitoring Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
CM-2 Baseline Configuration Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
CM-6 Configuration Settings Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
CM-7 Least Functionality Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SC-46 Cross Domain Policy Enforcement Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SC-7 Boundary Protection Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SI-10 Information Input Validation Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SI-15 Information Output Filtering Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SI-3 Malicious Code Protection Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
SI-4 System Monitoring Protects T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
network_security_groups Network Security Groups technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
Comments
This control can reduce the protocols available for data exfiltration. Temporal immediate, coverage substantial.
References
    azure_sentinel Azure Sentinel technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
    Comments
    The following Azure Sentinel Hunting queries can identify potential exfiltration: "Abnormally long DNS URI queries" can identify potential exfiltration via DNS. "Multiple users email forwarded to same destination" and "Office Mail Forwarding - Hunting Version" can detect potential exfiltration via email. The Azure Sentinel Analytics "Multiple users email forwarded to same destination" query can detect potential exfiltration via email. The coverage for these queries is minimal resulting in an overall Minimal score.
    References
      microsoft_defender_for_identity Microsoft Defender for Identity technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
      Comments
      This control's "Suspicious communication over DNS (external ID 2031)" alert can detect malicious communication over DNS used for data exfiltration, command, and control, and/or evading corporate network restrictions. The accuracy of this control is unknown and therefore its score has been assessed as Partial.
      References
        azure_dns_analytics Azure DNS Analytics technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
        Comments
        This control can potentially be used to forensically identify exfiltration via DNS protocol.
        References
          azure_firewall Azure Firewall technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
          Comments
          This control's threat intelligence-based filtering feature can be enabled to alert and deny traffic from/to known malicious IP addresses and domains. The IP addresses and domains are sourced from the Microsoft Threat Intelligence feed. Because this protection is limited to known malicious IP addresses and domains and does not provide protection from such attacks from unknown domains and IP addresses, this is scored as partial coverage resulting in an overall Partial score.
          References
            azure_network_traffic_analytics Azure Network Traffic Analytics technique_scores T1048.003 Exfiltration Over Unencrypted/Obfuscated Non-C2 Protocol
            Comments
            This control can identify anomalous traffic with respect specific ports (though it can't identify presence or lack of encryption).
            References