Intel vPro intel-ptt Mappings

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component.

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component. System Guard Secure Launch uses a technology called Dynamic Root of Trust Measurement (DRTM). It leverages Intel PTT (TPM) and TXT to provide secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms. System Guard Secure Launch ensures that the system can freely boot into untrusted code initially, but shortly after launches the system into a trusted state by taking control of all CPUs and forcing them down a well-known and measured code path. This has the benefit of allowing untrusted early code to boot the system but then being able to securely transition into a trusted and measured state. The ability to transition in real-time to a secure state justified the score of significant for this feature and its corresponding protection (E.g., bootkit, rootkit, firmware corruption, etc.).

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component. System Guard Secure Launch uses a technology called Dynamic Root of Trust Measurement (DRTM). It leverages Intel PTT (TPM) and TXT to provide secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms. System Guard Secure Launch ensures that the system can freely boot into untrusted code initially, but shortly after launches the system into a trusted state by taking control of all CPUs and forcing them down a well-known and measured code path. This has the benefit of allowing untrusted early code to boot the system but then being able to securely transition into a trusted and measured state. The ability to transition in real-time to a secure state justified the score of significant for this feature and its corresponding protection (E.g., bootkit, rootkit, firmware corruption, etc.).

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component. System Guard Secure Launch uses a technology called Dynamic Root of Trust Measurement (DRTM). It leverages Intel PTT (TPM) and TXT to provide secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms. System Guard Secure Launch ensures that the system can freely boot into untrusted code initially, but shortly after launches the system into a trusted state by taking control of all CPUs and forcing them down a well-known and measured code path. This has the benefit of allowing untrusted early code to boot the system but then being able to securely transition into a trusted and measured state. The ability to transition in real-time to a secure state justified the score of significant for this feature and its corresponding protection (E.g., bootkit, rootkit, firmware corruption, etc.).

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component. System Guard Secure Launch uses a technology called Dynamic Root of Trust Measurement (DRTM). It leverages Intel PTT (TPM) and TXT to provide secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms. System Guard Secure Launch ensures that the system can freely boot into untrusted code initially, but shortly after launches the system into a trusted state by taking control of all CPUs and forcing them down a well-known and measured code path. This has the benefit of allowing untrusted early code to boot the system but then being able to securely transition into a trusted and measured state. The ability to transition in real-time to a secure state justified the score of significant for this feature and its corresponding protection (E.g., bootkit, rootkit, firmware corruption, etc.).

Windows Secure Boot leverages Intel PTT (TPM) to safeguard settings stored in UEFI, while Intel Boot Guard prevents unauthorized modifications to UEFI firmware. It verifies the signatures of the UEFI firmware, bootloader, and boot drivers before loading the operating system. When the PC starts, the firmware checks the signature of each piece of boot software, including Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware drivers (also known as Option ROMs), Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) applications, and the operating system. If the signatures are valid, the PC boots, and the firmware gives control to the operating system. Rollback protection also prevents the system from rolling back to older versions of firmware. Secure Boot employs Intel PTT (TPM) to thwart attacks that attempt to alter the signature policy at the boot level in real-time or modify components involved in the boot process before the boot process. Intel Boot Guard ensures the integrity of the boot-level code before it is executed on the processor, preventing the system from proceeding with malicious boot code. Secure Boot is able to address threats pre-os that change the signature of the loaded boot component. System Guard Secure Launch uses a technology called Dynamic Root of Trust Measurement (DRTM). It leverages Intel PTT (TPM) and TXT to provide secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms. System Guard Secure Launch ensures that the system can freely boot into untrusted code initially, but shortly after launches the system into a trusted state by taking control of all CPUs and forcing them down a well-known and measured code path. This has the benefit of allowing untrusted early code to boot the system but then being able to securely transition into a trusted and measured state. The ability to transition in real-time to a secure state justified the score of significant for this feature and its corresponding protection (E.g., bootkit, rootkit, firmware corruption, etc.).

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as partial since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provides some protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as significant since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provide real-time protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as significant since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provide real-time protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as significant since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provide real-time protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as partial since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provides some protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as significant since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provide real-time protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as partial since it does not prevent an illegitimate LSASS driver from running.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as significant since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provide real-time protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as partial since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provides some protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Credential Guard uses Intel VT-x for providing Virtualization-based security (VBS), to isolate secrets so that only privileged system software can access them. It isolates LSA-related processes and provides real-time protection against in-memory credential-stealing attempts. NTLM, Kerberos, and Credential Manager take advantage of platform security features, including Secure Boot (Intel PTT and Intel Boot Guard) and virtualization, to protect credentials. Credential Guard prevents credential theft attacks by protecting NTLM password hashes, Kerberos Ticket Granting Tickets (TGTs), and credentials stored by applications such as domain credentials. However, it does not protect against all forms of credential dumping, such as registry dumping. Credential Guard benefits from enabling Secure Boot (BootGuard) and UEFI Lock. When Secure Boot is enabled, a secure and verified environment is established from the start of the boot process. With UEFI Lock, Credential Guard settings are stored in UEFI firmware, significantly increasing the difficulty of disabling Credential Guard through registry changes. This is marked as partial since it uses VBS to isolate LSA related processes and provides some protection against in-memory credential stealing attempts.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Enhanced Sign-In Security (ESS) will prevent unauthorized processes from requesting credentials since it runs in Virtual Trust Level 1. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Enhanced Sign-In Security (ESS) will prevent unauthorized processes from requesting credentials since it runs in Virtual Trust Level 1. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Enhanced Sign-In Security (ESS) will prevent credential API hooking by virtue of it running in Virtual Trust Level 1 (VTL1) isolated environment. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. If the user is relying on passkeys instead of passwords, Hello will mitigate the risk by avoiding the use of credentials that can be captured.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello can provide some protection against spearphishing, particularly by mitigating credential theft through phishing. Is a user is using passkeys; it reduces the risk since passkeys cannot be phished. Windows Hello enables biometrics or PIN authentication, eliminating the need for a password. Phishing techniques are more related to social engineering and still may be possible, hence marked as Partial.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Passkeys are not phishable like traditional passwords. When using Windows Hello, users authenticate with biometrics (face, fingerprint) or a PIN, which are not transmitted over the network and cannot be intercepted by phishing attacks. Windows Hello generates a unique key pair for each relying party (e.g., websites, services). This means even if one key is compromised, it cannot be used to access other services. Phishing techniques are more related to social engineering and still may be possible, hence marked as Partial.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Microsoft Windows emulates a smart card and uses the Windows Hello keys that are tied to user certificates that used for authentication for remote services such as Remote Desktop Protocol making difficult for an attacker to use those credentials.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Microsoft Windows emulates a smart card and uses the Windows Hello keys that are tied to user certificates that used for authentication for remote services such as Remote Desktop Protocol making difficult for an attacker to use those credentials.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. The Windows biometric components running in VBS (Intel VT-x) establish a secure channel in real-time to the ESS biometric sensor. When a matching operation is a success, the biometric components in VBS use the secure channel to authorize the usage of Windows Hello keys for authenticating the user with their identity provider, applications, and services.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.

Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios. Windows Hello utilizes passkeys which helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords.