T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls Mappings

Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via ptrace (process trace) system calls in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Ptrace system call injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process.

Ptrace system call injection involves attaching to and modifying a running process. The ptrace system call enables a debugging process to observe and control another process (and each individual thread), including changing memory and register values.(Citation: PTRACE man) Ptrace system call injection is commonly performed by writing arbitrary code into a running process (ex: <code>malloc</code>) then invoking that memory with <code>PTRACE_SETREGS</code> to set the register containing the next instruction to execute. Ptrace system call injection can also be done with <code>PTRACE_POKETEXT</code>/<code>PTRACE_POKEDATA</code>, which copy data to a specific address in the target processes’ memory (ex: the current address of the next instruction). (Citation: PTRACE man)(Citation: Medium Ptrace JUL 2018)

Ptrace system call injection may not be possible targeting processes with high-privileges, and on some system those that are non-child processes.(Citation: BH Linux Inject)

Running code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via ptrace system call injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.

View in MITRE ATT&CK®

Mappings

Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name
AC-2 Account Management Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
AC-3 Access Enforcement Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
AC-5 Separation of Duties Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
AC-6 Least Privilege Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
CM-5 Access Restrictions for Change Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
CM-6 Configuration Settings Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
IA-2 Identification and Authentication (organizational Users) Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
SC-18 Mobile Code Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
SC-7 Boundary Protection Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
SI-2 Flaw Remediation Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
SI-3 Malicious Code Protection Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
SI-4 System Monitoring Protects T1055.008 Ptrace System Calls
action.malware.variety.In-memory (malware never stored to persistent storage) related-to T1055.008 Process Injection: Ptrace System Calls