T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification

Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).

Modifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory’s existing permissions. This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via Accessibility Features, Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts, Unix Shell Configuration Modification, or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via Hijack Execution Flow.

Adversaries may also change permissions of symbolic links. For example, malware (particularly ransomware) may modify symbolic links and associated settings to enable access to files from local shortcuts with remote paths.(Citation: new_rust_based_ransomware)(Citation: bad_luck_blackcat)(Citation: falconoverwatch_blackcat_attack)(Citation: blackmatter_blackcat)(Citation: fsutil_behavior)

View in MITRE ATT&CK®

CRI Profile Mappings

Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
PR.AA-05.02 Privileged system access Mitigates T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
Comments
This diagnostic statement protects against File and Directory Permissions Modification through the use of privileged account management and the use of multi-factor authentication.
References

    VERIS Mappings

    Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
    action.malware.variety.Password dumper Password dumper (extract credential hashes) related-to T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    action.malware.variety.RAM scraper RAM scraper or memory parser (capture data from volatile memory) related-to T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    attribute.confidentiality.data_disclosure None related-to T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    action.malware.variety.Disable controls Disable or interfere with security controls related-to T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification

    Azure Mappings

    Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
    file_integrity_monitoring Microsoft Defender for Cloud: File Integrity Monitoring technique_scores T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    Comments
    This control can detect file and directory permissions modification.
    References
    ai_security_recommendations Microsoft Defender for Cloud: AI Security Recommendations technique_scores T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    Comments
    This control's "Immutable (read-only) root filesystem should be enforced for containers" recommendation can mitigate a sub-technique of this technique. Due to its Minimal coverage, its score is assessed as Minimal.
    References
    alerts_for_windows_machines Alerts for Windows Machines technique_scores T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    Comments
    This control provides minimal detection for some of this technique's sub-techniques resulting in an overall score of Minimal.
    References

    GCP Mappings

    Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
    policy_intelligence Policy Intelligence technique_scores T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    Comments
    Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files. Enforcing the principle of least privilege through Policy Intelligence role recommendations generated by IAM Recommender help admins identify and remove excess permissions from users' principals, improving their resources' security configurations.
    References

    AWS Mappings

    Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
    amazon_inspector Amazon Inspector technique_scores T1222 File and Directory Permissions Modification
    Comments
    The Amazon Inspector Best Practices assessment package can assess security control "Configure permissions for system directories" that prevents privilege escalation by local users and ensures only the root account can modify/execute system configuration information and binaries. Amazon Inspector does not directly protect against system modifications rather it just checks to see if security controls are in place which can inform decisions around hardening the system. Due to this and the fact the security control is only supported for Linux platforms, the score is Minimal.
    References

    ATT&CK Subtechniques

    Technique ID Technique Name Number of Mappings
    T1222.002 Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification 18
    T1222.001 Windows File and Directory Permissions Modification 15