T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols

Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols associated with transferring files to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.

Protocols such as SMB(Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A), FTP(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019), FTPS, and TFTP that transfer files may be very common in environments. Packets produced from these protocols may have many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Data could also be concealed within the transferred files. An adversary may abuse these protocols to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.

View in MITRE ATT&CK®

CRI Profile Mappings

Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
DE.AE-02.01 Event analysis and detection Mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
Comments
This diagnostic statement provides for implementation of methods to block similar future attacks via security tools such as antivirus and IDS/IPS to provide protection against threats and exploitation attempts.
References
    DE.CM-01.01 Intrusion detection and prevention Mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
    Comments
    This diagnostic statement protects against adversaries that may try to utilize different protocols, such as SMB, FTP, FTPS, and TFPT, to abuse packets produced from these protocols. Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.
    References
      PR.IR-01.03 Network communications integrity and availability Mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
      Comments
      This diagnostic statement protects against File Transfer Protocols through the use of secure network configurations, architecture, implementations of zero trust architecture, and segmentation.
      References

        NIST 800-53 Mappings

        Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
        CA-07 Continuous Monitoring mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        CM-06 Configuration Settings mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-10 Network Disconnect mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-37 Out-of-band Channels mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-31 Covert Channel Analysis mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-21 Secure Name/Address Resolution Service (Recursive or Caching Resolver) mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-22 Architecture and Provisioning for Name/Address Resolution Service mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-20 Secure Name/Address Resolution Service (Authoritative Source) mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-23 Session Authenticity mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SI-03 Malicious Code Protection mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        CM-02 Baseline Configuration mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        CM-07 Least Functionality mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SI-04 System Monitoring mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        AC-04 Information Flow Enforcement mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        SC-07 Boundary Protection mitigates T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols

        Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Mappings

        Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
        CVE-2023-40044 Progress WS_FTP Server Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability primary_impact T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        Comments
        Zero-day .NET deserialization vulnerability that allows an adversary to make an HTTP POST request to a vulnerable WS_FTP Server and execute commands.
        References

        VERIS Mappings

        Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
        action.hacking.variety.Other Other related-to T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols

        Azure Mappings

        Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
        alerts_for_azure_network_layer Alerts for Azure Network Layer technique_scores T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        Comments
        This control can identify connections to known malicious sites. Scored minimal since the malicious sites must be on a block list.
        References
        azure_network_watcher_traffic_analytics Azure Network Watcher: Traffic Analytics technique_scores T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        Comments
        This control can detect anomalous application protocol traffic with respect to network security group (NSG) (though web traffic would be typically too commonplace for this control to be useful).
        References

        AWS Mappings

        Capability ID Capability Description Mapping Type ATT&CK ID ATT&CK Name Notes
        amazon_guardduty Amazon GuardDuty technique_scores T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
        Comments
        GuardDuty flags events matching the following finding types that relate to adversaries attempting to communicate using application layer protocols to avoid detection. UnauthorizedAccess:EC2/MaliciousIPCaller.Custom Backdoor:EC2/C&CActivity.B Backdoor:EC2/C&CActivity.B!DNS Trojan:EC2/BlackholeTraffic Trojan:EC2/BlackholeTraffic!DNS Trojan:EC2/DropPoint Trojan:EC2/DropPoint!DNS Backdoor:EC2/C&CActivity.B Impact:EC2/MaliciousDomainRequest.Reputation Impact:EC2/SuspiciousDomainRequest.Reputation
        References
          aws_network_firewall AWS Network Firewall technique_scores T1071.002 File Transfer Protocols
          Comments
          AWS Network Firewall has the ability to pass, drop, or alert on traffic based on the network protocol as well as perform deep packet inspection on the payload. This functionality can be used to block malicious or unwanted traffic leveraging application layer protocols. As a result, this mapping is given a score of Significant.
          References