Adversaries may install code on externally facing portals, such as a VPN login page, to capture and transmit credentials of users who attempt to log into the service. For example, a compromised login page may log provided user credentials before logging the user in to the service.
This variation on input capture may be conducted post-compromise using legitimate administrative access as a backup measure to maintain network access through External Remote Services and Valid Accounts or as part of the initial compromise by exploitation of the externally facing web service.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging)
View in MITRE ATT&CK®| Capability ID | Capability Description | Mapping Type | ATT&CK ID | ATT&CK Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| intel-ptt | Intel Platform Trust Technology | Win 11, ESS/Hello | T1056.003 | Web Portal Capture |
Comments
Windows Hello ESS authentication leverages virtual sandbox(Intel VT-X) to protect authentication data to significantly reduce the risk of brute force attacks on passwords, as biometrics typically require physical presence or biometric data that cannot be easily guessed or replicated. It uses the TPM (Intel PTT) to store authentication data including public/private key pairs. Windows Hello also includes Passkeys, a passwordless authentication option that generates public/private key pair with the public key shared with the service requiring authentication and the private key stored in the TPM, which is only released after authentication locally on the device using either a biometric factor such as fingerprint, facial recognition, or a PIN. Windows Hello helps protect against the risk of credentials being stored in files by eliminating the need for passwords in many authentication scenarios.
If the user is relying on passkeys instead of passwords, Hello will mitigate the risk by avoiding the use of credentials that can be captured.
References
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